| EclipseLink Solutions Guide for EclipseLink Release 2.4 |
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The following types of RESTful operations can be used with JPA via HTTP when using RESTful Data Services:
Entity operations are those performed against a specific entity type within the persistence unit.
The base URI for entity operations is as follows:
/persistence/{version}/{unit-name}/entity/{type}/*
The {type} value refers to the type name (descriptor alias).
Supported entity operations are:
HTTP Request Syntax
GET /persistence/{version}/{unit-name}/entity/{type}/{id}?{hints}
where:
{id} is a string
hints are specified using HTTP query parameters, with the key being the name of the EclipseLink query hint
Example
GET http://localhost:8080/exampleApp/persistence/v1.0/ExamplePU/entity/Foo/1
Produces
JSON or XML
Response
OK, with a payload containing the entity
NOT_FOUND if the entity does not exist
Usage
Composite Keys
Composite keys are supported. The + character is reserved and therefore cannot be used in fields that represent keys. Composite keys are separated using the + character and should be specified in an order corresponding to the Java default sorting of the attribute names.
For example, consider an entity Phone, with attributes extB=123 and extA=321. The URL to find the entity is:
http://localhost:8080/exampleApp/persistence/v1.0/ExamplePU/entity/Phone/321+123
The 321 comes before the 123 because extA comes before extB when sorted in Java.
Result Caching
Default EclipseLink and HTTP caching is enabled and configured through standard means.
Refresh
The EntityManager.refresh operation can be invoked using the find with the query hint for Refresh.
Attributes
Navigating into the attributes of an entity (for example, to get the Address entity associated with an employee in a single REST request) is supported to one level, for example:
/persistence/v1.0/{unit-name}/entity/{type}/{id}/{relationship} will work
while
/persistence/v1.0/{unit-name}/entity/{type}/{id}/{relationship}/{index}/{relationship2} will not
HTTP Request Syntax
PUT /persistence/{version}/{unit-name}/entity/{type}
Example
PUT http://localhost:8080/exampleApp/persistence/v1.0/ExamplePU/entity/Foo
Consumes
JSON or XML
Payload
Entity
Produces
JSON or XML
Response
Payload containing the entity returned by the persist operation
Usage
PUT is required to be idempotent. As a result, it will fail if called with an object that expects the server to provide an ID field. Typically this will occur if the metadata specifies a generated key and the field that contains that key is unpopulated.
HTTP Request Syntax
POST /persistence/{version}/{unit-name}/entity/{type}
Example
POST http://localhost:8080/exampleApp/persistence/v1.0/ExamplePU/entity/Foo
Consumes
JSON or XML
Payload
Entity
Produces
JSON or XML
Response
Payload containing the entity returned by the merge operation.
Merge takes an object graph and makes it part of the persistence context through comparison. It compares the object and all related objects to the ones that already exist and issues INSERTs, UPDATEs, and DELETEs to put the object in the persistence context.
HTTP Request Syntax
DELETE /persistence/{version}/{unit-name}/entity/{type}{id}
where {id} is defined using a string
Example
DELETE http://localhost:8080/exampleApp/persistence/v1.0/ExamplePU/entity/Foo/1
Response
OK
The base URI for relationship operations is as follows:
/persistence/{version}/{unit-name}/entity/{entity}/{id}/{relationship}
Supported relationship operations are:
Use this operation to get the values of a relationship.
HTTP Request Syntax
GET /persistence/{version}/{unit-name}/entity/{type}/{id}/{relationship}
where:
{id} is a string.
{relationship} is the JPA name of the relationship.
Example
GET http://localhost:8080/exampleApp/persistence/v1.0/ExamplePU/entity/Foo/1/myRelationship
Produces
JSON or XML
Response
OK, Payload containing an entity or a list of entities.
NOT_FOUND if the entity does not exist
Use this operation to add to a list or replace the value of a many-to-one relationship.
HTTP Request Syntax
POST /persistence/{version}/{unit-name}/entity/{type}/{id}/{relationship}?{partner}
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As of EclipseLink 2.4.2, |
Examples
For unidirectional relationships, {partner} is not required, for example:
POST http://localhost:8080/exampleApp/persistence/v1.0/ExamplePU/entity/Foo/1/myRelationship
For bi-directional relationships, you must provide the name of the attribute that makes up the opposite side of the relationship. For example, to update an Auction.bid where the opposite side of the relationship is Bid.auction, use the following:
POST http://localhost:8080/exampleApp/persistence/v1.0/ExamplePU/entity/Foo/1/myRelationship?partner=bid
Consumes
JSON or XML
Payload
Entity with the new value.
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Relationship objects can be passed by value or by reference. See "Passing By Value vs. Passing By Reference". |
Produces
JSON or XML
Response
Payload containing the entity with the added element
Use this operation to remove a specific entity from the list or a null on a many-to-one relationship.
HTTP Request Syntax
DELETE /persistence/{version}/{unit-name}/entity/{type}/{id}/{relationship}?{relationshipListItemId}
where relationshipListItemId is an optional query parameter. The relationshipListItemId is meaningful only when the {relationship} to be removed is a list. The relationshipListItemId should be set to the id of a member in the relationship list when only that member of the relationship list needs to be removed. The entire list specified by the {relationship} will be removed when relationshipListItemId is not specified.
Example
DELETE http://localhost:8080/exampleApp/persistence/v1.0/ExamplePU/entity/Foo/1/myRelationship
Consumes
JSON or XML
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Relationship objects can be passed by value or by reference. See "Passing By Value vs. Passing By Reference". |
Produces
JSON or XML
Response
OK
Payload containing the entity with the removed element
The base URI for query operations is as follows:
GET /persistence/{version}/{unit-name}/query/{name}{params}
The following query operations are supported:
Named queries doing reads can be run two ways in JPA. Both are supported in the REST API. They are:
HTTP Request Syntax
GET /persistence/{version}/{unit-name}/query/{name};{parameters}? {hints}
where:
parameters are specified using HTTP matrix parameters
hints are specified using HTTP query parameters and with the key being the name of the EclipseLink query hint
Examples
GET http://localhost:8080/exampleApp/persistence/v1.0/ExamplePU/query/Foo.findByName;name=myname
GET http://localhost:8080/exampleApp/persistence/v1.0/ExamplePU/query/Foo.findByName;name=myname?eclipselink.jdbc.max-results=500
Produces
JSON or XML
Response
A payload containing a list of entities. An XML response contains a List as a grouping name for a collection of items and item as a grouping name for each member of a collection returned. JSON responses use square brackets [] to encapsulate a collection and curly braces {} to encapsulate each member of a collection. For example:
XML Example
Note:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<List>
<item>
<firstName>Miles</firstName>
<lastName>Davis</lastName>
<manager>
<firstName>Charlie</firstName>
<lastName>Parker</lastName>
<gender>Male</gender>
<id>26</id>
</manager>
</item>
<item>
<firstName>Charlie</firstName>
<lastName>Parker</lastName>
<manager>
<firstName>Louis</firstName>
<lastName>Armstrong</lastName>
<gender>Male</gender>
<id>27</id>
</manager>
</item>
</List>
JSON Example
[
{
"firstName": "Miles",
"lastName": "Davis",
"manager": {
"firstName": "Charlie",
"lastName": "Parker",
"gender": "Male",
"id": 26
}
},
{
"firstName": "Charlie",
"lastName": "Parker",
"manager": {
"firstName": "Louis",
"lastName": "Armstrong",
"gender": "Male",
"id": 27
}
}
]
HTTP Request Syntax
POST /persistence/{version}/{unit-name}/query/{name};parameters?hints
where:
parameters are specified using HTTP matrix parameters
hints are specified using HTTP query parameters and with the key being the name of the EclipseLink query hint
Examples
POST http://localhost:8080/exampleApp/persistence/v1.0/ExamplePU/query/Foo.deleteAllByName;name=myname
POST http://localhost:8080/exampleApp/persistence/v1.0/ExamplePU/query/Foo.updateName;name=myname?eclipselink.jdbc.max-results=500
Produces
JSON or XML
Response
A payload containing the number of entities updated or deleted
HTTP Request Syntax
GET /persistence/{version}/{unit-name}/singleResultQuery/{name};{parameters}?{hints}
where:
parameters are specified using HTTP matrix parameters
hints are specified using HTTP query parameters and with the key being the name of the EclipseLink query hint
Example
GET http://localhost:8080/exampleApp/persistence/v1.0/ExamplePU/singleResultQuery/Foo.findByName;name=myname
Produces
JSON, XML, or application/octet-stream
Response
A payload containing an entity
Base operations are:
HTTP Request Syntax
GET /persistence/{version}
Example
GET http://localhost:8080/exampleApp/persistence/v1.0
Produces
JSON or XML
Response
A payload containing a list of persistence unit names and links to metadata about them. For example:
[
{
"_link": {
"href": "http://localhost:8080/exampleApp/persistence/v1.0/employee/metadata",
"method": "application/json",
"rel": "employee"
}
},
{
"_link": {
"href": "http://localhost:8080/exampleApp/persistence/v1.0/traveler/metadata",
"method": "application/json",
"rel": "traveler"
}
}
]
The following metadata operations are supported:
HTTP Request Syntax
GET /persistence/{version}/{unit-name}/metadata
Example
GET http://localhost:8080/exampleApp/persistence/v1.0/ExamplePU/metadata
Produces
JSON
Response
OK, with a payload containing a list of types, with links to more detailed metadata, for example:
{
"persistenceUnitName": "hr",
"types": [
{
"_link": {
"href": "http://localhost:8080/eclipselink.jpars.test/persistence/v1.0/hr/metadata/entity/Employee",
"method": "application/json",
"rel": "Employee"
}
},
{
"_link": {
"href": "http://localhost:8080/eclipselink.jpars.test/persistence/v1.0/hr/metadata/entity/PhoneNumber",
"method": "application/json",
"rel": "PhoneNumber"
}
}
]
}
NOT_FOUND if the persistence unit is not found
HTTP Request Syntax
GET /persistence/{version}/{unit-name}/metadata/query
Example
GET http://localhost:8080/exampleApp/persistence/v1.0/ExamplePU/metadata/query
Produces
JSON
Response
OK with a payload containing a list of all available queries, for example:
[
{
"queryName": "Employee.count",
"returnTypes": [
"Long"
],
"linkTemplate": {
"method": "get",
"href": "http://localhost:8080/eclipselink.jpars.test/persistence/v1.0/hr/query/Employee.count",
"rel": "execute"
},
"jpql": "SELECT count(e) FROM Employee e"
},
{
"queryName": "EmployeeAddress.getRegion",
"returnTypes": [
"String",
"String",
"String"
],
"linkTemplate": {
"method": "get",
"href": "http://localhost:8080/eclipselink.jpars.test/persistence/v1.0/hr/query/EmployeeAddress.getRegion",
"rel": "execute"
},
"jpql": "SELECT u.postalCode, u.province, u.street FROM EmployeeAddress u"
},
{
"queryName": "Employee.getPhoneNumbers",
"returnTypes": [
"String",
"String",
"PhoneNumber"
],
"linkTemplate": {
"method": "get",
"href": "http://localhost:8080/eclipselink.jpars.test/persistence/v1.0/hr/query/Employee.getPhoneNumbers",
"rel": "execute"
},
"jpql": "SELECT e.firstName, e.lastName, pn FROM Employee e JOIN e.phoneNumbers pn"
},
{
"queryName": "EmployeeAddress.getPicture",
"returnTypes": [
"byte[]"
],
"linkTemplate": {
"method": "get",
"href": "http://localhost:8080/eclipselink.jpars.test/persistence/v1.0/hr/query/EmployeeAddress.getPicture;id={id}",
"rel": "execute"
},
"jpql": "SELECT u.areaPicture FROM EmployeeAddress u where u.id = :id"
},
{
"queryName": "EmployeeAddress.updatePostalCode",
"returnTypes": [
"EmployeeAddress"
],
"linkTemplate": {
"method": "post",
"href": "http://localhost:8080/eclipselink.jpars.test/persistence/v1.0/hr/query/EmployeeAddress.updatePostalCode;postalCode={postalCode};id={id}",
"rel": "execute"
},
"jpql": "UPDATE EmployeeAddress u SET u.postalCode = :postalCode where u.id = :id"
},
{
"queryName": "Employee.salaryMax",
"returnTypes": [
"int",
"Object"
],
"linkTemplate": {
"method": "get",
"href": "http://localhost:8080/eclipselink.jpars.test/persistence/v1.0/hr/query/Employee.salaryMax",
"rel": "execute"
},
"jpql": "SELECT e.id, max(e.salary) AS max_salary from Employee e GROUP BY e.id, e.salary"
},
{
"queryName": "EmployeeAddress.getAll",
"returnTypes": [
"EmployeeAddress"
],
"linkTemplate": {
"method": "get",
"href": "http://localhost:8080/eclipselink.jpars.test/persistence/v1.0/hr/query/EmployeeAddress.getAll",
"rel": "execute"
},
"jpql": "SELECT u FROM EmployeeAddress u"
},
{
"queryName": "EmployeeAddress.getById",
"returnTypes": [
"EmployeeAddress"
],
"linkTemplate": {
"method": "get",
"href": "http://localhost:8080/eclipselink.jpars.test/persistence/v1.0/hr/query/EmployeeAddress.getById;id={id}",
"rel": "execute"
},
"jpql": "SELECT u FROM EmployeeAddress u where u.id = :id"
},
{
"queryName": "Employee.getManagerById",
"returnTypes": [
"String",
"String",
"Employee"
],
"linkTemplate": {
"method": "get",
"href": "http://localhost:8080/eclipselink.jpars.test/persistence/v1.0/hr/query/Employee.getManagerById;id={id}",
"rel": "execute"
},
"jpql": "select u.firstName, u.lastName, u.manager from Employee u where u.id = :id"
},
{
"queryName": "Employee.findAll",
"returnTypes": [
"Employee"
],
"linkTemplate": {
"method": "get",
"href": "http://localhost:8080/eclipselink.jpars.test/persistence/v1.0/hr/query/Employee.findAll",
"rel": "execute"
},
"jpql": "SELECT e FROM Employee e ORDER BY e.id"
},
{
"queryName": "Employee.getManager",
"returnTypes": [
"String",
"String",
"Employee"
],
"linkTemplate": {
"method": "get",
"href": "http://localhost:8080/eclipselink.jpars.test/persistence/v1.0/hr/query/Employee.getManager",
"rel": "execute"
},
"jpql": "select u.firstName, u.lastName, u.manager from Employee u"
}
]
NOT_FOUND if persistence unit is not found
HTTP Request Syntax
GET /persistence/{version}/{unit-name}/metadata/entity/ type
Example
GET http://localhost:8080/CustomerApp/persistence/v1.0/Inventory/metadata/entity/Customer
Produces
JSON
Response
OK, with a payload containing details about the entity and available operations on it, for example,
{
"name": "Employee",
"attributes": [
{
"name": "id",
"type": "int"
},
{
"name": "firstName",
"type": "String"
},
{
"name": "gender",
"type": "Gender"
},
{
"name": "lastName",
"type": "String"
},
{
"name": "salary",
"type": "double"
},
{
"name": "version",
"type": "Long"
},
{
"name": "period",
"type": "EmploymentPeriod"
},
{
"name": "manager",
"type": "Employee"
},
{
"name": "office",
"type": "Office"
},
{
"name": "address",
"type": "EmployeeAddress"
},
{
"name": "certifications",
"type": "List<Certification>"
},
{
"name": "responsibilities",
"type": "List<String>"
},
{
"name": "projects",
"type": "List<Project>"
},
{
"name": "expertiseAreas",
"type": "List<Expertise>"
},
{
"name": "managedEmployees",
"type": "List<Employee>"
},
{
"name": "phoneNumbers",
"type": "List<PhoneNumber>"
}
],
"linkTemplates": [
{
"method": "get",
"href": "http://localhost:8080/eclipselink.jpars.test/persistence/v1.0/hr/entity/Employee/{primaryKey}",
"rel": "find"
},
{
"method": "put",
"href": "http://localhost:8080/eclipselink.jpars.test/persistence/v1.0/hr/entity/Employee",
"rel": "persist"
},
{
"method": "post",
"href": "http://localhost:8080/eclipselink.jpars.test/persistence/v1.0/hr/entity/Employee",
"rel": "update"
},
{
"method": "delete",
"href": "http://localhost:8080/eclipselink.jpars.test/persistence/v1.0/hr/entity/Employee/{primaryKey}",
"rel": "delete"
}
],
"queries": [
{
"queryName": "Employee.count",
"returnTypes": [
"Long"
],
"linkTemplate": {
"method": "get",
"href": "http://localhost:8080/eclipselink.jpars.test/persistence/v1.0/hr/query/Employee.count",
"rel": "execute"
},
"jpql": "SELECT count(e) FROM Employee e"
},
{
"queryName": "Employee.getPhoneNumbers",
"returnTypes": [
"String",
"String",
"PhoneNumber"
],
"linkTemplate": {
"method": "get",
"href": "http://localhost:8080/eclipselink.jpars.test/persistence/v1.0/hr/query/Employee.getPhoneNumbers",
"rel": "execute"
},
"jpql": "SELECT e.firstName, e.lastName, pn FROM Employee e JOIN e.phoneNumbers pn"
},
{
"queryName": "Employee.salaryMax",
"returnTypes": [
"int",
"Object"
],
"linkTemplate": {
"method": "get",
"href": "http://localhost:8080/eclipselink.jpars.test/persistence/v1.0/hr/query/Employee.salaryMax",
"rel": "execute"
},
"jpql": "SELECT e.id, max(e.salary) AS max_salary from Employee e GROUP BY e.id, e.salary"
},
{
"queryName": "Employee.getManagerById",
"returnTypes": [
"String",
"String",
"Employee"
],
"linkTemplate": {
"method": "get",
"href": "http://localhost:8080/eclipselink.jpars.test/persistence/v1.0/hr/query/Employee.getManagerById;id={id}",
"rel": "execute"
},
"jpql": "select u.firstName, u.lastName, u.manager from Employee u where u.id = :id"
},
{
"queryName": "Employee.findAll",
"returnTypes": [
"Employee"
],
"linkTemplate": {
"method": "get",
"href": "http://localhost:8080/eclipselink.jpars.test/persistence/v1.0/hr/query/Employee.findAll",
"rel": "execute"
},
"jpql": "SELECT e FROM Employee e ORDER BY e.id"
},
{
"queryName": "Employee.getManager",
"returnTypes": [
"String",
"String",
"Employee"
],
"linkTemplate": {
"method": "get",
"href": "http://localhost:8080/eclipselink.jpars.test/persistence/v1.0/hr/query/Employee.getManager",
"rel": "execute"
},
"jpql": "select u.firstName, u.lastName, u.manager from Employee u"
}
]
}
NOT_FOUND if the persistence unit is not found
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